Lilydale Where People Never Die free essay sample

Lily Dale: Where People Never Die Lily Dale always held an eerie fascination for me. Growing up my best friend Kim and I would listen to stories from her mom about Lily Dale. She would tell us how every summer the â€Å"gypsies† as she called them, would come and settle in this small community to tell peoples futures. Lily Dale was only about a forty five minute drive from my hometown in Pennsylvania. I remember the first time Kim’s mom told us we were going on an adventure. Her and my mom were going to take us up to Lily Dale, we would pack a lunch to eat by the lake on the grounds and explore the town. Kim and I had all these images and expectation in our mind mostly from the stories we heard. I remember leaving early in the morning and driving the scenic route along the southern shore of Lake Erie. We will write a custom essay sample on Lilydale Where People Never Die or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page There were rolling hills with frequent vistas of the lake. The August morning was already warm enough to roll down the windows. Summer air accented with the smell of water from a mild on shore wind. Miles of grape farms stretching as far as the eye could see to the south. As we left Pennsylvania and entered New York, we had about 20 minute drive until we reached Lily Dale. We started envisioning what it was going to be like and started â€Å"creeping† each other out. I remember driving and seeing the big wrought iron sign first welcoming you to Lily Dale. It was surrounded by a big brick wall and a lot of moss that lent to the ethereal feeling of the place. The community is gated so we had to pay to enter the grounds. As you drive in, you feel like your back in time. The houses seemed dilapidated but had a Victorian style charm to them. There were square wooden signs attached to poles implanted in the front yards of many of the cottages. The signs, each uniquely decorated with the mediums name on it enticing you to come in for a reading. I remember very tall trees enveloping the whole place and feeling very unsettled inside. One place that stuck out in my mind was a clearing in woods with a huge tree stump. The stump was the focal point in the clearing also enshrined by huge trees, just like being under an umbrella. The sunlight diffused through the trees and danced on the ground adding to the mystical feeling of Lily Dale. Many park benches were arranged facing the stump, like pews in a church facing the alter. We gathered here with a large group of people, many believers but also a few skeptics, in hopes of a chance connection with a loved one who had passed over. The medium stood up on the stump and reverently bowed her head in prayer before she started her public readings. I remember her looking in our direction and my heart started racing, she came over and said, â€Å"Someone over here has a loved one that passed very suddenly recently†¦. † We knew she wasn’t referring to us, but the heightened anticipation we felt as she approached sent a shiver down our spine. This area referred to as inspiration stump, was and is considered hallowed ground and the energy vortex of the community. It is here where mediums come to commune with spirits. The memories of Lily Dale may be skewed by time but it still holds the same fascination for me. This quiet, quaint community in upstate New York is the oldest and largest spiritualist community in the United States. Spiritualism is a religious sect that believes that no one dies they just transition to a different level of spiritual awareness. Spiritualists believe they can communicate with the dead through mediums who are people with a higher level or sensitivity of consciousness. The town houses forty resident mediums seasonally and holds a variety of classes, workshops, healing services, and seminars with an array of guest speakers from around the world. How did this all begin? Who are the residents of this community and why do they return each season? Why do people flock from all over the country to visit time and time again? What kind of people visit Lily Dale? In an online interview, Joyce LaJudice, historian in Lily Dale shared the beginnings of Modern Spiritualism in the United States. Spiritualism started in 1848, when two sisters Maggie and Kate Fox realized they could communicate with a spirit that was haunting their house. There had been random rappings on doors, windows, floors and ceilings at all hours of the day and night. Exacerbated, Kate the youngest of the two, called out, â€Å"Do as I do! † She knocked twice the spirit knocked twice. These rappings continued back and forth and eventually they developed a code between the spirit and themselves. Through this code, they ascertained the spirits name as Charles Rosna. He revealed to them through their communication that he, a peddler, had been murdered and buried in the basement of their house. Proving the existence of this spirit, they dug up his remains along with his peddler’s trunk. Word spread of this phenomenon through a group of Quaker Christians seeking validation that there is an afterlife. The fox sisters became the first mediums and started holding seances to help people contact family members that passed. As time passed Modern Spiritualism spread throughout North America and Europe. The â€Å"learned† people and the free thinkers declared that â€Å"communication with spirit is not miraculous or supernatural they believed this proved the continuity of life that people do not die- bodies do (LaJudice). Michel Richard sociologist at the State University of New York (SUNY), along with colleague Albert Adato, researched the beginnings of spiritualism as well. They revealed in his article the many influential people that became staunch believers in spiritualism; Ben Franklin, Carl Jung, Elizabeth Browning, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Victor Hugo, James Fenimore Copper, William Lloyd Garrison, Thomas Edison, and even Abe Lincoln. In fact, stories are told of seances in the white house orchestrated by Mary Todd. There were even some big decisions such as the emancipation proclamation that were rumored to be medium influenced (Richard, Adato 186). Curiosity about Modern spiritualism and mediumship led Christine Wicker, investigative reporter for the Dallas Morning News, to write a revealing book about life in Lily Dale. Lily Dale began as a summer camp for spiritual enlightenment back in 1870’s. It was a retreat for the free thinkers and spiritualist to expand their knowledge and open themselves to the energies of the spirit world. Today the population in Lily Dale consists of approximately 300 spiritualists of which 40 are mediums. In order to live in this closed community, you have to be registered with the Lily Dale Assembly. All mediums who want â€Å"to hang a shingle† and practice in Lily Dale must pass a test. â€Å"They are required to give three individual readings to three members of the Lily Dale board and then give one public reading to an audience made up of the entire board† (Wicker37). These readings have to be specific and accurate. Only then can they lease, own, and practice in this town. Although people swarm Lily Dale in the summer seeking guidance and knowledge from the resident mediums, the vast majority of Spiritualists who live here have no psychic abilities. Gabriel Gaydos did her Master’s thesis on the ordinary people of Lily Dale. They are the common residents who have taken a back seat to the notoriety that goes along with this town. These people are the â€Å"foundation that fully lives the belief that spirit is common and not extraordinary, a community committed to its founding ideals in the face of ongoing ridicule, misunderstanding and misplaced sensationalism by outsiders† (Gaydos 4). They are an integral part of the community in maintaining and keeping the town alive. These residents have Spiritualist ancestors of which many were mediums. This common thread of spirit is intermeshed throughout this community and reflects the current culture of today. The more notable members of Lily Dale are the colorful collection of mediums. Each with a distinctive presence and style which adds to the mystique of this quiet town. They are mostly women and all over fifty years of age. I wondered why there was such an imbalance in gender, further research satisfied my query. Todd Jay associate professor at the University of Hirosaki explains, â€Å"Spiritualism attracts women because it is a religion that offers women complete equality in all facets of the movement† (Leonard 12). In contrast, other religion’s hierarchy is predominately male. Most of the mediums in the dale are ordained ministers thus adding to their credibility. They also have their own ways of communicating with spirits. Some actually see the spirits, some hear, while others sense and feel their presence. Martie Hughes sees spirits only in â€Å"her mind’s eye† and she has no desire to see them any other way. She says, â€Å"It would scare the poop out of me. † I find this rather humorous, giving the basis of their belief. Mary Anne Spears a psychotherapist actually sees the dead relatives of her clients. Sherry Lee Calkins does spiritual drawings with a time line of events for her clients and claims her spirit guides have a hand in her drawings. (Wicker 82). Every medium has at least five spirit guides around them that protect and assist them in their life decisions. Leonard explains; Usually there is a Doctor- Teacher who maintains a presence on the person’s right side; a Master-Teacher-who is behind the person; a Chemist ( usuallyAsian or Middle- Eastern) who is on the person’s left side; a Native American or Indian protector who stands directly in front of the person; a joy guide(usually a child who moves around the person but generally stays around the person’s legs (Leonard 5). John Edward an internationally renowned psychic medium refers to his spirit guides as â€Å"The Boys† In his book, Crossing Over, he gives an account of how his spirit guides changed his life path. John worked in hospital administration and loved his job. He dabbled in mediumship but never would have thought of it as his life work. His guide’s vibrations and voices kept getting louder and pushed him to change his life course. They lead him to understand his calling was to help people connect the physical world to the spiritual world. They told him he would be a teacher and a noted figure in his field. He had no interest in celebrity, it was helping people that was paramount. John took a leap of faith and the next year he put â€Å"psychic medium† as his occupation on his tax returns (Edward 7). All mediums have a common belief that the gift they have is a form of healing. Their messages are to help people heal and move through their grief or troubles by connecting them with loved ones that have passed in hopes that it will give comfort or enlightenment to them.

President JAckson essays

President JAckson essays Andrew Jackson was not born of wealth or prestige; however, he eventually ensconced himself in that position, mainly through military success. Jackson served his presidency, after John Quincy Adams, supporting the population that obtained a similar background. He supported the common man. Andrew Jacksons performance in office was strongly democratic, which completely opposed the prior presidencies, The Era of Goodfeeling. Jacksons presidency spurred polarized sects of the American population, which emitted two very different views of Andrew Jackson. Jackson obtained the presidential position following The Era of Goodfeeling. In this era, Presidents, such as Monroe, created a harmonious executive branch. Monroe made appointments to people from both the North and the South, both prosperous and poor. The executive branch had negated bias until the inauguration of Andrew Jackson. Jackson created a kitchen cabinet, which placed extreme emphasis on democratic policies. Sectionalism was hard to avoid because Jackson and his kitchen cabinet set decisions representing only half, the democratic half, of the nation. By appointing his select cabinet, all of Jacksons democratic ideals were upheld. One of Andrew Jacksons goals was to remove the previous, somewhat archaic, officeholders from their positions in order to enhance the vitality of the executive branch. He also increased the power of the executive branch and continued his democratic approaches by refraining to pay for internal improvements with money from the national government. For example, the Maysville Road request was denied because the road would only benefit a single state. The Democrats also abhorred the bank. Jackson fought Nicolas Biddle, the President of the Bank of the United States, while trying to transfer power away from the national bank and into the many stat...

150 Foreign Expressions to Inspire You

150 Foreign Expressions to Inspire You 150 Foreign Expressions to Inspire You 150 Foreign Expressions to Inspire You By Mark Nichol Here’s a writing challenge for you: I’ve listed foreign expressions, mostly in Latin, that offer wisdom or otherwise encapsulate a thought-provoking idea. Select one (or more) that resonates with you and employ it as a writing prompt. Note the evocative strength of â€Å"Alis volat propiis,† or the motivating force of â€Å"Audentes fortuna juvat.† Can you taste the bitter regret of â€Å"Dis aliter visum†? What kind of cynical crime noir can you concoct around â€Å"Cherchez la femme†? You’re welcome to suggest others. (Note, however that these are all complete sentences. I have phrases set aside for another day.) 1. Abeunt studia in mores: Practices zealously pursued pass into habits. 2. Absit invidia: Let there be no envy or ill will. 3. Abusus non tollit usum: Abuse does not take away use. (Abuse is not an argument against proper use.) 4. Age quod agis: Do what you are doing. (To the business at hand.) 5. Aide-toi, le ciel t’aidera: Help yourself, and heaven will help you. 6. Alea jacta est: The die is cast. 7. Alis volat propriis: She flies with her own wings. 8. Amor vincit omnia: Love conquers all things. 9. Ars est celare artem: It is (true) art to conceal art. 10. Ars longa, vita brevis: Art is long, life is short. 11. Au pays des aveugles les borgnes sont rois: In the country of the blind, the one-eyed men are kings. 12. Audentes fortuna juvat/Fortes fortuna bravat: Fortune favors the bold/Fortune favors the brave. 13. Bis dat qui cito dat: He gives twice who gives promptly. 14. C’est autre chose: That’s a different thing. 15. C’est la guerre: That’s war. (It cannot be helped.) 16. C’est la vie: That’s life. (That’s how things happen.) 17. C’est plus qu’un crime, c’est une faute: It is worse than a crime, it is a blunder. 18. Ca va sans dire: It goes without saying. 19. Caveat lector: Let the reader beware. 20. Ce n’est que le premier pas qui coute: It is only the first step that costs. 21. Cedant arma togae: Let arms yield to the toga. (Let military power give way to civil power.) 22. Cetera desunt: The rest is missing. 23. Chacun a son gout: Everyone to his taste. 24. Che sara, sara: What will be will be. 25. Cherchez la femme: Look for the woman. 26. Corruptio optimi pessima: The corruption of the best is the worst of all. 27. Credo quia absurdum est: I believe it because it is absurd. 28. Credo ut intelligam: I believe so that I may understand. 29. Damnant quod non intelligunt: They condemn what they do not understand. 30. De gustibus non est disputandum: There is no disputing about tastes. 31. De minimis non curat lex: The law takes no account of trifles. 32. De mortuis nil nisi bonum: Of the dead (say) nothing but good. 33. Dis aliter visum: The gods decreed otherwise. 34. Docendo discimus: We learn by teaching. 35. Dulce et decorum est pro patria mori: It is sweet and seemly to die for one’s country. 36. Dum spiro, spero: While I breathe, I hope. 37. Dum vivimus vivamus: While we live, let us live. 38. Dux femina facti: A woman was leader of the exploit. 39. Ecce signum: Behold the sign. (Look at the proof.) 40. Ecrasez l’infame: Crush the infamous thing. 41. Eheu fugaces labuntur anni: Alas! The fleeting years glide on. 42. Est modus in rebus: There is a proper measure in things. 43. Ex nihilo nihil fit: From nothing, nothing is produced. 44. Ex pede Herculem/Ex ungue leonem: From the foot (we may judge the size of) Hercules, from the claw (we may judge) the lion. 45. Exceptio probat regulam de rebus non exceptis: An exception establishes the rule as to things not excepted. 46. Exitus acta probat: The outcome justifies the deed. 47. Facilis descensus Averno: The descent to Avernus is esay. (The road to evil is easy.) 48. Fas est et ab hoste doceri: It is right even to learn from an enemy. 49. Fata viam invenient: The Fates will find a way. 50. Festina lente: Make haste slowly. 51. Fiat experimentum in corpore vili: Let experiment be made on a worthless body. 52. Fiat justitia, ruat caelum: Let justice be done, though the heavens fall. 53. Fiat lux: Let there be light. 54. Finem respice: Consider the end. 55. Finis coronat opus: The end crowns the work. 56. Fluctuat nec mergitur: It is tossed by the waves but does not sink. 57. Forsan et haec olim meminisse juvabit: Perhaps this too will be a pleasure to look back on one day. 58. Fronti nulla fides: No reliance can be placed on appearance. 59. Gardez la foi: Keep faith. 60. Gaudeamus igitur: Let’s make merry. 61. Gnothi seauton: Know thyself. 62. Hoc age: Do this. (Apply yourself to what you are about.) 63. Hoc opus, hic labor est: This is the hard work, this is the toil. 64. Honi soit qui mal y pense: Shamed be he who thinks evil of it. 65. Humanum est errare: To err is human. 66. Ignorantia juris neminem excusat: Ignorance off the law excuses no one. 67. Il faut cultiver notre jardin: We must cultivate our garden. (We must tend to our own affairs.) 68. Ils ne passeront pas: They shall not pass. 69. In hoc signo vinces: By this sign you shall conquer. 70. Invenit/Pinxit: He (or she) devised/painted it. 71. Ira furor brevis est: Anger is a brief madness. 72. J’y suis, j’y reste: Here I am, here I remain. 73. Jacta alea est: The die is cast. 74. La reine/le roi le vuit: The queen (or the king) wills it. 75. La reine/le roi s’avisera: The queen (or king) will consider. 76. Lasciate ogni speranza, voi ch’entrate: Abandon hope, all ye who enter. 77. Le coeur a ses raisons que la raison ne connait point: The heart has its reasons that reason knows nothing of. 78. Magna est veritas et praevalebit: Truth is mighty and will prevail. 79. Medio tutissimus ibis: You will go most safely by the middle course. 80. Morituri te salutamus: We who about to die salute you. 81. Mutato nomine de te fabula narratur: With the name changed, the story applies to you. 82. Natura non facit saltum: Nature makes no leap. 83. Naturam expellas furca, tamen usque recurret: You may drive Nature out with a pitchfork, but she will keep coming back. 84. Ne cede malis: Yield not to misfortune. 85. Nemo me impune lacessit: No one attacks me with impunity. 86. Nil desperandum: Never despair. 87. Non omnia possumus omnes: We can’t all do all things. 88. Non omnis moriar: I shall not wholly die. 89. Non sum qualis eram: I am not what I used to be. 90. Nosce te ipsum: Know thyself. 91. Nous avons change tout cela: We have changed all that. 92. Nous verrons ce que nous verrons: We shall see what we shall see. 93. Oderint dum metuant: Let them hate, so long as they fear. 94. Odi et amo: I hate and I love. 95. Omne ignotum pro magnifico: The unknown tends to be exaggerated in importance or difficulty. 96. Omnia mutantur, nos et mutamur in illis: All things are changing, and we are changing with them. 97. Omnia vincit amor: Love conquers all. 98. Ora pro nobis: Pray for us. 99. Ou sont les neiges d’antan?: Where are the snows of yesteryear? 100. Panta rhei: All things are in flux. 101. Parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus: The mountains are in labor, and a ridiculous mouse will be brought forth. 102. Pereant qui ante nos nostra dixerunt: May they perish who have expressed our bright ideas before us. 103. Pereunt et imputantur: The hours pass away and are reckoned on our account. 104. Place aux dames: Make room for the ladies. 105. Plus ca change, plus c’est la meme chose (sometimes abbreviated to just â€Å"Plus ca change . . .): The more things change, the more they stay the same. 106. Poeta nascitur, on fit: A poet is born, not made. 107. Primum non nocere: The first thing is to do no harm. 108. Qui facit per alium facit per se: He who does through another does through himself. 109. Qui s’excuse s’accuse: He who excuses himself accuses himself. 110. Qui va la?: Who goes there? 111. Quis custodiet ipsos custodes: Who will keep the keepers? 112. Quo vadis?: Where are you going? 113. Quos deus vult perdere prius dementat: Those whom a god wishes to destroy he first drives mad. 114. Quot homines, tot sententiae: There are as many opinions as there are men. 115. Rem acu tetigisti: You have touched the point with a needle. 116. Requiescat in pace: Rest in peace. 117. Respice finem: Consider the outcome. 118. Resurgam: I shall rise again. 119. Revenons a nos moutons: Let us return to our sheep. (Let us return to our subject.) 120. Salus populi suprema lex esto: Let the welfare of the people be the supreme law. 121. Se non e vero, e ben trovato: Even if it is not true, it is well conceived. 122. Si jeunesse savait, si vieillesse pouvait!: If youth only knew, if age only could! 123. Si monumentum requiris, circumspice: If you seek his monument, look around. 124. Si vis pacem, para bellum: If you wish peace, prepare for war. 125. Sic itur ad astra: Thus one goes to the stars (Such is the way to immortality.) 126. Sic semper tyrannis: Thus ever to tyrants. 127. Sic transit gloria mundi: So passes away the glory of the world. 128. Silent leges inter arma: The laws are silent in the midst of arms. 129. Similia similibus curantur: Like is cured by like. 130. Similis simili gaudet: Like takes pleasure in like. 131. Siste viator: Stop, traveler. 132. Solvitur ambulando: It is solved by walking. (The problem is solved by a practical experiment.) 133. Sunt lacrimae rerum: There are tears for things. 134. Tempora mutantur, nos et mutamur in illis: The times are changing, and we are changing with them. 135. Tempus fugit: Time flies. 136. Timeo Danaos et dona ferentes: I fear the Greeks even when they bring gifts. 137. Tout comprende c’est tout pardonner: To understand all is to forgive all. 138. Tout est perdu fors l’honneur: All is lost save honor. 139. Truditur dies die: The day is pushed forth by day. (One day hurries on another.) 140. Tuebor: I will defend. 141. Ua mau ke ea o ka aina i ka pono: The life of the land is perpetuated in righteousness. 142. Vada retro me, Satana: Get behind me, Satan. 143. Vae victis: Woe to the vanquished. 144. Varium et mutabile semper femina: Woman is ever a fickle and changeable thing. 145. Verbum sat sapienti est: A word to the wise is sufficient. 146. Vincit omnia veritas: Truth conquers all things. 147. Vive la difference: Long live the difference (between the sexes). 148. Vogue la galere: Let the galley be kept rowing. (Keep on, whatever may happen.) 149. Voila tout: That’s all. 150. Vox populi vox Dei: The voice of the people is the voice of God. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:English Grammar 101: All You Need to Know44 Resume Writing Tips7 Proofreading Steps

How do different background influence workplace communication and Assignment

How do different background influence workplace communication and understanding - Assignment Example These rely on clearly spelling out rules, instructions, expectations and directions. A lot of importance is connected with following instructions to the letter. High-context communications rely on interpersonal relationships with fellow workmates in order to bring out societal expectations and rules. In other words, high-context communications rely on other people to direct them. With high-context communication, the employees expect the supervisors to enforce important rules personally. In workplaces where there are employees from both high and low context communication backgrounds, interpersonal communications may prove to be difficult, and the following up of instructions as they are intended may be extremely poor. Employees from cultures accustomed to high-context communications benefit more from fellow employees or supervisors direct instruction while employees accustomed to low-context communications can simply absorb the instructions from written materials such as training manuals just as

The Reason Why Public Service Matters Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Reason Why Public Service Matters - Essay Example Public service benefits society as a whole because everyone gains something out of it. Typically, the people performing public service are on the upper end of the rich scale, while those receiving the services are on the lower end. This does not mean they poorer people do not deserve public service being performed for them—after all, they pay their taxes just like everyone else. In every free and fair society, there are certain conditions that every person needs to live by. Public service can benefit society because the public’s interest is at heart. Public service also matters because it helps those who perform it to feel uplifted. There is no greater feeling that volunteering your time and doing something for someone else for no particular reason. Most likely, the person on the receiving end will feel very grateful for what has been done for them, and the public service doer feels rewarded for their efforts. If people who are performing public service feel appreciated for the work that they are doing, then they will likely help the community again in the future. If everyone participates in public service, then not too much is required of any one individual. Lastly, public service matters because it can really change another person’s life. Very often public service is performed for those who are in need. Even though the task performed for them may not seem like much, it may make a world of difference in the life of the person receiving it. If that person is feeling negative towards the rest of society, then they may rediscover the belief in mankind. This positivity can be applied in other areas of their life and the person can make significant changes. Above all, the person who is receiving the public service may feel compelled to help out someone else in need someday.

The Dimensions Of Globalisation And Its Effects Economics Essay

The Dimensions Of Globalisation And Its Effects Economics Essay In Thomas (2000), globalisation is defined as a concept which refers to the ways in which developments in one region can rapidly come to have significant consequences for the security and well being of communities in quite distant regions of the globe. Thomas specifically refers to Alan Greenspans quote there can be no island of prosperity in an ocean of economic instability in a bid to stress the point that globalisation can neither be resisted nor halted. Globalisation expresses the widening scope, deepening impact and speeding up of interregional flows and networks of interaction within all realms of social activity from the cultural to the criminal. Four Dimensions Thomas also identifies four specific dimensions to globalisation. Globalisation is also about change, and these changes are characterised by four different dimensions. These include the stretching of social, political and economic activities across political frontiers, regions and continents. Globalisation also promotes intensification of investments, migration, flow of trade and culture. This growing interconnectedness (extensive and intensive) is linked to the speeding up of global interactions, aided by the global transportation and communications systems which increase the flow of ideas, goods, information, capital and people. These three dimensions give rise to a deepening impact which creates a global reality in which something that happens in one places can have profound impacts on a far off place. This creates a blurring between the boundaries of what is local and global. Challenges to Development One way of looking at development is through the historic processes, in which societies were transformed over long periods in a somewhat unplanned way. Economic development and accompanying social and political transformations occur as a result of the continuing development of societies. (Fawssett et. Al.) Sense of increased powerlessness/insecurity Globalisation is perceived as a force that cannot be ignored. This implies greater difficulties for countries trying to isolate themselves from the global marketplace. It promises growth prospects to national economies, as long as they satisfy its requirements in terms of flexibility and competitiveness, which include designing and implementing domestic policies to meet global requirements, typically those set by the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. It is also argued that countries can be exposed to new technologies and ideas, which can create jobs, improve incomes and reduce poverty. Environmental Sustainability As more emphasis is put on the globalization of industry, the need for environmental sustainability is quite often not given its due importance. This is problematic in that as trade and capital mobility restrictions are continually lifted between nations, the impact big business can have on the environment is enormous.. This process theoretically sets in motion the creation of a set of common principles between nations whereby cooperation takes precedence over competition. Environmental sustainability is of equal importance to economic prosperity, and in fact, the two are very much tied together. One reason why so many industrial jobs have left the most developed nations is because of the environmental regulations their governments have imposed. In order to protect the environment, strict limitations are placed on pollution and waste. A consequence of these restrictions is that the companies that employ people send the jobs to countries where the environmental standards are much less stringent. Thus, although the environment is better served by the laws against environmental degradation, the economies of those nations suffer. And although jobs come to the less developed nations, boosting the economies there, the environment suffers because the restrictions against pollution are less strict. This reality seems to indicate that globalization and environmental sustainability are mutually incompatible. Indeed, their beneficial coexistence rests on the ability of the nations of the world to freely exchange goods and services while at the same time placing limitations on how much damage each can do to the environment. At worst, the world could become a single economic entity with absolutely no regard for the ecosystems of the earth or one large environmentally protected zone where each economy is forced to curb its industrial output to meet international regulations. Unless a more balanced compromise is made between the two ideas, they will continue to be at odds with one another. Employment While expanded trade has generally resulted in more jobs, the parallel growth in competition has forced many companies to shed workers in order to cut costs, boost efficiency and increase profits. Higher productivity only becomes a plus for the overall economy if output grows quickly enough to generate employment for the whole workforce. In the industrialized world, where a number of countries are currently grappling with the problem of growth without jobs, high unemployment has become a political issue. Developed countries have been especially affected by new information and communication technologies that boost efficiency but make some white-collar workers redundant. Some less-developed countries have also had to deal with jobless growth. China, which has experienced an economic boom in recent years, has begun to struggle with unemployment, particularly in urban areas. The need to cut unit labour costs to compete in the global market has led to the elimination of guaranteed employment and over staffed factories. Unemployment has also grown as a result of proliferation of low-cost imports from low-wage countries. Though these imports are a small part of the total, they are concentrated in labour-intensive sectors such as shoe-clothing and toy-making. The loss of livelihoods is deeply rooted in the macro-economic development model of corporate-led globalization. It promotes too many enterprises that are the main drivers of biodiversity loss: the large-scale, export oriented agricultural industry; unsustainable commercial logging companies; fish farms and factories; and the mining industry. These companies are fostered and actively promoted through trade liberalization and other forms of corporate-led globalization. Unchecked by effective national or international rules, they are able to plunder the earths resources for the benefit of distant shareholders while the communities that lived more harmoniously with these resources for generations are left with a ravaged earth. The policies of the World Trade Organization, multilateral development banks like the World Bank, and export credit agencies together exacerbate this plundering with their promotion of export-oriented economic models and the further commercialization of biodiversity. Winners and losers While globalisation offers new opportunities for accelerating development and poverty reduction, it also poses new challenges for policy makers. Globalization and the turn to the market have clear benefits for developing countries, both in terms of aggregate growth and poverty reduction and in terms of mobility and opportunity for low-income people. Yet new opportunities have come hand-in-hand with new vulnerabilities. Not surprisingly, public opinion about globalization and market reforms is mixed. The downside of globalisation is most vividly evident at times of global financial and economic crises. The costs of the repeated crises associated with economic and financial globalisation appear to have been borne overwhelmingly by the developing world, and often disproportionately so by the poor who are the most vulnerable. On the other hand, benefits from globalisation in booming times are not necessarily shared widely and equally in the global community. Small and medium sized businesses that form part of local economies, meet local needs and are more accountable to local people are undermined and unable to compete with huge multinationals. In the battle of economies, big is beautiful and local is expendable. 1B. Explain how consideration of POWER is relevant to debates on GLOBALISATION. Power has to do with relationship, structural and functional, between all living beings in and between their communities. Power is thus a very important part of the globalisation debate. It touches on various topics some of which we will look into closer details below. In this sense power can refer to the control over others or the capacity to choose and be able to act, hence bringing up the issue of empowerment. Power is also relevant when it comes to issues related to power relations such as gender, class and ethnicity. Politically speaking, globalization, the breakdown of socialist states, the crisis of modern liberal nation states, and upheavals in traditional or semi-traditional despotic states, raise new questions about power. The nation state structures are to be questioned radically for they are the unit structures of political powers that have been most powerful. The global market agencies are emerging as the most powerful agencies of power, which determine global power structures and power relations on a global scale. These agencies dominate over nation states in power terms as a new reality of power is being formed in the context of the global market The significant gender differences and disparities with respect to decision-making powers, participation, and returns for effort that prevail in different societies need to be taken into account when responding to the forces of globalization. Because of gender inequalities and discrimination in all parts of the world, women can be affected negatively by globalization processes to a greater extent than men. On the other hand, there can be significant gains for women with globalization. It is necessary to systematically monitor the gender impact of change so that the goals of gender equality and the expansion of human capabilities are not sacrificed. Over the years, the greater economic, social, and technological interconnectedness of the international system has transformed social trends and national policies. These interaction dynamics have also seemingly changed security. The mainstream media frequently oversimplify the causes of the wars, with claims they are rooted in religious or ethnic differences. A closer inspection reveals that the underlying source of such conflicts is economic in nature. Financial instability, economic inequality, competition for resources, and environmental degradation-all root causes of war-are exacerbated by globalization. This could offer one explanation to Thomas (2000) who argues that the prevalence of wars has continued to rise in the early 1990s and that it is apparent that most of these wars are not being fought between states. In contrast to the historic wars, these more recent wars are being fought in parts of the world which are relatively poor and which are least equipped to recover quick ly. Yet, as a concluding note one can observe that the ability to influence the course and the content of globalization is not simply a matter of control over material resources or military might. Because of the way power is translated through webs of relationships, it is changed and can be realigned. Weaker actors, by building coalitions and enrolling the help of others, can have a significant influence on globalization.

How Is the Idea of Science Explored in the Short Story, “Dr. Heidegger’s Experiment”

The timeless classic â€Å"Dr Heidegger’s Experimentâ€Å", written by Nathaniel Hawthorne, explores the idea of science, or even science fiction, in a number of different ways. He uses themes such as the supernatural, and the transformation of old to young, to further investigate the topic of science. Hawthorne also uses the characterisation of Dr Heidegger to also make evident the idea being explored throughout short story.Hawthorne also uses a number of language forms and features, such as imagery, diction and the dialogue, to enter into a deeper exploration of the topic ‘science’ Nathaniel Hawthorne cleverly uses the themes of the supernatural, and the transformation of old to young, to further investigate the idea of science, or science fiction. â€Å"Over the central bookcase was a bronze bust of Hippocrates, with which, according to some authorities, Dr. Heidegger was accustomed to hold consultations in all difficult cases of his practice. † This q uote was used to perhaps help bring the element of science fiction into this text.As Hippocrates was famous for separating religion and superstition from the realm of medicine, it persuades the audience to consider Dr Heidegger as a fan of his work. This automatically links Dr Heidegger to a scientific explorer, always trying to push the boundaries of what is acceptable. This quote is also linked to the supernatural side of the themes. The theme, the transformation of young to old, also helps explore the idea of science into the story. By using a scientific theory, even though it may be considered to be supernatural, is the idea of a fountain of youth.This automatically persuades the audience into relating the short story to one of the scientific genre. By creating this link between the text and science, the reader can now fully understand how the author intended the story to be read. The quote, â€Å" â€Å"That is certainly a very pretty deception,† said the doctor’ s friends; carelessly, however, for they had witnessed greater miracles at a conjurer's show; â€Å"pray how was it effected? † † , clearly shows that the doctors friends were sceptics of the miracle they had just seen. This was, perhaps, used to mimic the world around us, as people will always be sceptics of new scientific theories.This intelligently helps explore the idea of science. Hawthorne also uses the characterisation of Dr Heidegger to extend the text’s exploration into the idea of science. The doctor is portrayed as a cryptic fellow, but that is also part of his charm. At the beginning of the story, the author cleverly creates suspense for the reader, as we don’t yet know whether Dr Heidegger is a kind old doctor, or a seriously cynical scientist testing experiments on his friends. By doing this he helps keep the audience interested and wanting more.As the author uses the main character as a doctor, the reader automatically links the story to a s cientific novel, once again to help investigate the package of ‘science’. In conclusion, Nathaniel Hawthorne explores the idea of science in his short story, â€Å"Dr Heidegger’s Experiment†, in a number of ways. He cleverly uses the themes of the supernatural, and the transformation of old too young to further explore the topic at hand. Hawthorne also intelligently links the characterisation of Dr Heidegger, to a science background. In turn, this also explores the idea of science.