The Dimensions Of Globalisation And Its Effects Economics Essay

The Dimensions Of Globalisation And Its Effects Economics Essay In Thomas (2000), globalisation is defined as a concept which refers to the ways in which developments in one region can rapidly come to have significant consequences for the security and well being of communities in quite distant regions of the globe. Thomas specifically refers to Alan Greenspans quote there can be no island of prosperity in an ocean of economic instability in a bid to stress the point that globalisation can neither be resisted nor halted. Globalisation expresses the widening scope, deepening impact and speeding up of interregional flows and networks of interaction within all realms of social activity from the cultural to the criminal. Four Dimensions Thomas also identifies four specific dimensions to globalisation. Globalisation is also about change, and these changes are characterised by four different dimensions. These include the stretching of social, political and economic activities across political frontiers, regions and continents. Globalisation also promotes intensification of investments, migration, flow of trade and culture. This growing interconnectedness (extensive and intensive) is linked to the speeding up of global interactions, aided by the global transportation and communications systems which increase the flow of ideas, goods, information, capital and people. These three dimensions give rise to a deepening impact which creates a global reality in which something that happens in one places can have profound impacts on a far off place. This creates a blurring between the boundaries of what is local and global. Challenges to Development One way of looking at development is through the historic processes, in which societies were transformed over long periods in a somewhat unplanned way. Economic development and accompanying social and political transformations occur as a result of the continuing development of societies. (Fawssett et. Al.) Sense of increased powerlessness/insecurity Globalisation is perceived as a force that cannot be ignored. This implies greater difficulties for countries trying to isolate themselves from the global marketplace. It promises growth prospects to national economies, as long as they satisfy its requirements in terms of flexibility and competitiveness, which include designing and implementing domestic policies to meet global requirements, typically those set by the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. It is also argued that countries can be exposed to new technologies and ideas, which can create jobs, improve incomes and reduce poverty. Environmental Sustainability As more emphasis is put on the globalization of industry, the need for environmental sustainability is quite often not given its due importance. This is problematic in that as trade and capital mobility restrictions are continually lifted between nations, the impact big business can have on the environment is enormous.. This process theoretically sets in motion the creation of a set of common principles between nations whereby cooperation takes precedence over competition. Environmental sustainability is of equal importance to economic prosperity, and in fact, the two are very much tied together. One reason why so many industrial jobs have left the most developed nations is because of the environmental regulations their governments have imposed. In order to protect the environment, strict limitations are placed on pollution and waste. A consequence of these restrictions is that the companies that employ people send the jobs to countries where the environmental standards are much less stringent. Thus, although the environment is better served by the laws against environmental degradation, the economies of those nations suffer. And although jobs come to the less developed nations, boosting the economies there, the environment suffers because the restrictions against pollution are less strict. This reality seems to indicate that globalization and environmental sustainability are mutually incompatible. Indeed, their beneficial coexistence rests on the ability of the nations of the world to freely exchange goods and services while at the same time placing limitations on how much damage each can do to the environment. At worst, the world could become a single economic entity with absolutely no regard for the ecosystems of the earth or one large environmentally protected zone where each economy is forced to curb its industrial output to meet international regulations. Unless a more balanced compromise is made between the two ideas, they will continue to be at odds with one another. Employment While expanded trade has generally resulted in more jobs, the parallel growth in competition has forced many companies to shed workers in order to cut costs, boost efficiency and increase profits. Higher productivity only becomes a plus for the overall economy if output grows quickly enough to generate employment for the whole workforce. In the industrialized world, where a number of countries are currently grappling with the problem of growth without jobs, high unemployment has become a political issue. Developed countries have been especially affected by new information and communication technologies that boost efficiency but make some white-collar workers redundant. Some less-developed countries have also had to deal with jobless growth. China, which has experienced an economic boom in recent years, has begun to struggle with unemployment, particularly in urban areas. The need to cut unit labour costs to compete in the global market has led to the elimination of guaranteed employment and over staffed factories. Unemployment has also grown as a result of proliferation of low-cost imports from low-wage countries. Though these imports are a small part of the total, they are concentrated in labour-intensive sectors such as shoe-clothing and toy-making. The loss of livelihoods is deeply rooted in the macro-economic development model of corporate-led globalization. It promotes too many enterprises that are the main drivers of biodiversity loss: the large-scale, export oriented agricultural industry; unsustainable commercial logging companies; fish farms and factories; and the mining industry. These companies are fostered and actively promoted through trade liberalization and other forms of corporate-led globalization. Unchecked by effective national or international rules, they are able to plunder the earths resources for the benefit of distant shareholders while the communities that lived more harmoniously with these resources for generations are left with a ravaged earth. The policies of the World Trade Organization, multilateral development banks like the World Bank, and export credit agencies together exacerbate this plundering with their promotion of export-oriented economic models and the further commercialization of biodiversity. Winners and losers While globalisation offers new opportunities for accelerating development and poverty reduction, it also poses new challenges for policy makers. Globalization and the turn to the market have clear benefits for developing countries, both in terms of aggregate growth and poverty reduction and in terms of mobility and opportunity for low-income people. Yet new opportunities have come hand-in-hand with new vulnerabilities. Not surprisingly, public opinion about globalization and market reforms is mixed. The downside of globalisation is most vividly evident at times of global financial and economic crises. The costs of the repeated crises associated with economic and financial globalisation appear to have been borne overwhelmingly by the developing world, and often disproportionately so by the poor who are the most vulnerable. On the other hand, benefits from globalisation in booming times are not necessarily shared widely and equally in the global community. Small and medium sized businesses that form part of local economies, meet local needs and are more accountable to local people are undermined and unable to compete with huge multinationals. In the battle of economies, big is beautiful and local is expendable. 1B. Explain how consideration of POWER is relevant to debates on GLOBALISATION. Power has to do with relationship, structural and functional, between all living beings in and between their communities. Power is thus a very important part of the globalisation debate. It touches on various topics some of which we will look into closer details below. In this sense power can refer to the control over others or the capacity to choose and be able to act, hence bringing up the issue of empowerment. Power is also relevant when it comes to issues related to power relations such as gender, class and ethnicity. Politically speaking, globalization, the breakdown of socialist states, the crisis of modern liberal nation states, and upheavals in traditional or semi-traditional despotic states, raise new questions about power. The nation state structures are to be questioned radically for they are the unit structures of political powers that have been most powerful. The global market agencies are emerging as the most powerful agencies of power, which determine global power structures and power relations on a global scale. These agencies dominate over nation states in power terms as a new reality of power is being formed in the context of the global market The significant gender differences and disparities with respect to decision-making powers, participation, and returns for effort that prevail in different societies need to be taken into account when responding to the forces of globalization. Because of gender inequalities and discrimination in all parts of the world, women can be affected negatively by globalization processes to a greater extent than men. On the other hand, there can be significant gains for women with globalization. It is necessary to systematically monitor the gender impact of change so that the goals of gender equality and the expansion of human capabilities are not sacrificed. Over the years, the greater economic, social, and technological interconnectedness of the international system has transformed social trends and national policies. These interaction dynamics have also seemingly changed security. The mainstream media frequently oversimplify the causes of the wars, with claims they are rooted in religious or ethnic differences. A closer inspection reveals that the underlying source of such conflicts is economic in nature. Financial instability, economic inequality, competition for resources, and environmental degradation-all root causes of war-are exacerbated by globalization. This could offer one explanation to Thomas (2000) who argues that the prevalence of wars has continued to rise in the early 1990s and that it is apparent that most of these wars are not being fought between states. In contrast to the historic wars, these more recent wars are being fought in parts of the world which are relatively poor and which are least equipped to recover quick ly. Yet, as a concluding note one can observe that the ability to influence the course and the content of globalization is not simply a matter of control over material resources or military might. Because of the way power is translated through webs of relationships, it is changed and can be realigned. Weaker actors, by building coalitions and enrolling the help of others, can have a significant influence on globalization.

How Is the Idea of Science Explored in the Short Story, “Dr. Heidegger’s Experiment”

The timeless classic â€Å"Dr Heidegger’s Experimentâ€Å", written by Nathaniel Hawthorne, explores the idea of science, or even science fiction, in a number of different ways. He uses themes such as the supernatural, and the transformation of old to young, to further investigate the topic of science. Hawthorne also uses the characterisation of Dr Heidegger to also make evident the idea being explored throughout short story.Hawthorne also uses a number of language forms and features, such as imagery, diction and the dialogue, to enter into a deeper exploration of the topic ‘science’ Nathaniel Hawthorne cleverly uses the themes of the supernatural, and the transformation of old to young, to further investigate the idea of science, or science fiction. â€Å"Over the central bookcase was a bronze bust of Hippocrates, with which, according to some authorities, Dr. Heidegger was accustomed to hold consultations in all difficult cases of his practice. † This q uote was used to perhaps help bring the element of science fiction into this text.As Hippocrates was famous for separating religion and superstition from the realm of medicine, it persuades the audience to consider Dr Heidegger as a fan of his work. This automatically links Dr Heidegger to a scientific explorer, always trying to push the boundaries of what is acceptable. This quote is also linked to the supernatural side of the themes. The theme, the transformation of young to old, also helps explore the idea of science into the story. By using a scientific theory, even though it may be considered to be supernatural, is the idea of a fountain of youth.This automatically persuades the audience into relating the short story to one of the scientific genre. By creating this link between the text and science, the reader can now fully understand how the author intended the story to be read. The quote, â€Å" â€Å"That is certainly a very pretty deception,† said the doctor’ s friends; carelessly, however, for they had witnessed greater miracles at a conjurer's show; â€Å"pray how was it effected? † † , clearly shows that the doctors friends were sceptics of the miracle they had just seen. This was, perhaps, used to mimic the world around us, as people will always be sceptics of new scientific theories.This intelligently helps explore the idea of science. Hawthorne also uses the characterisation of Dr Heidegger to extend the text’s exploration into the idea of science. The doctor is portrayed as a cryptic fellow, but that is also part of his charm. At the beginning of the story, the author cleverly creates suspense for the reader, as we don’t yet know whether Dr Heidegger is a kind old doctor, or a seriously cynical scientist testing experiments on his friends. By doing this he helps keep the audience interested and wanting more.As the author uses the main character as a doctor, the reader automatically links the story to a s cientific novel, once again to help investigate the package of ‘science’. In conclusion, Nathaniel Hawthorne explores the idea of science in his short story, â€Å"Dr Heidegger’s Experiment†, in a number of ways. He cleverly uses the themes of the supernatural, and the transformation of old too young to further explore the topic at hand. Hawthorne also intelligently links the characterisation of Dr Heidegger, to a science background. In turn, this also explores the idea of science.

Disguise in Shakespeare

Characters often resort to disguise in Shakespeare plays. This is a plot device that the Bard uses over and over again ... but why? We take a look at the history of disguise and reveal why it was considered controversial and dangerous in Shakespeares time. Gender Disguise in Shakespeare One of the most common plot lines used in relation to disguise is when a woman such as Rosalind in As You Like It disguises herself as a man. This is looked at in more depth in Cross-Dressing in Shakespeare Plays. This plot device allows Shakespeare to explore gender roles as with Portia in The Merchant of Venice who, when dressed as a man, is able to solve the problem of Shylock and demonstrate that she is just as bright as the male characters. History of Disguise Disguise goes back to Greek and Roman theater and allows the playwright to demonstrate dramatic irony. Dramatic irony  is when the audience is party to knowledge that the characters in the play are not. Often, humor can be derived from this. For example, when Olivia in Twelfth Night is in love with Viola (who is dressed as her brother Sebastian), we know that she is in fact in love with a woman. This is amusing but it also allows the audience to feel pity for Olivia, who does not have all of the information. The English Sumptuary Laws In Elizabethan times, clothes indicated a persons’ identity and class. Queen Elizabeth had supported a law pronounced by her predecessor named ‘The English Sumptuary Laws’ where a person must dress according to their class but also should limit extravagance. People must protect the levels of society, but they must also dress so as not to flaunt their riches—they must not dress too sumptuously. Penalties could be enforced such as fines, the loss of property, and even execution. As a result, clothes were regarded as a manifestation of a persons’ position in life and therefore, dressing in a different way had a lot more power and significance and danger than it has today. Here are some examples from King Lear: Kent, a nobleman disguises himself as a lowly servant called Caius in order to stay close to the King to keep him safe and remain loyal despite being banished by him. This is a deception but he does it for honorable reasons.  The audience has sympathy for Kent as he debases himself in honor of the King.  Edgar, Gloucester’s son disguises himself as a beggar called Poor Tom after he is wrongly accused of plotting to kill his father. His character is altered as well as his appearance as he becomes intent on revenge.Goneril and Regan disguise their true intentions rather than wearing a physical disguise. They flatter their father in order to inherit his Kingdom and then betray him. Masque Balls   The use of Masques during festivals and carnivals was commonplace in Elizabethan society both among the aristocracy and the common classes. Originating from Italy, Masques appear regularly in Shakespeare’s plays. There is a masked ball in Romeo and Juliet, and in Midsummer Night’s Dream there is a masque dance to celebrate the wedding of the Duke to the Amazon Queen. There is a masque in Henry VIII, and The Tempest could be considered a masque the whole way through—Prospero is in authority but we come to understand the frailty and vulnerability of authority. Masque balls allowed people to behave differently to how they may do in everyday life. They could get away with more merriment and no one would be sure of their true identity. Disguise in the Audience Sometimes members of the Elizabethan audience would disguise themselves. Especially the women because even though Queen Elizabeth herself loved the theater, it was generally considered that a woman who wanted to see a play was of ill repute. She may even be considered to be a prostitute, so masks and other forms of disguise were used by the audience members themselves. Conclusion Disguise was a powerful tool in Elizabethan society—you could instantly change your position, if you were brave enough to take the risk. You could also change people’s perception of you. Shakespeare’s use of disguise could foster humour or a sense of impending doom, and as such, disguise  is an incredibly powerful narrative technique: Conceal me what I am, and be my aid for such disguise as haply shall become the form of my intent. (Twelfth Night, Act 1, Scene 2)

The Legalization Of The Cannabis Cure Essay - 1287 Words

The Cannabis Cure Cannabis is a huge economic development in America that has changed to reach people in need of its benefits. In the hands of smart business owners cultivation is apart of an extravagant life cycle of creation. Farmers are now harvesting marijuana yields in 9 U.S. states and pave they way for dispensary pop ups in the years ahead. Alaska, California, Colorado, Maine, Massachusetts, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington, The District of Colombia, and Florida have fully legalized recreational and medical marijuana. A map of the U.S. shows us that border states typically have moved to end prohibition of (Tetrahydrocannabinol), after the progress of the west coast movement and recent culture popularity. Colorado opened dispensaries in 2014 to distribute to millions of consumers with new and exciting products on their shelves for many eager customers interested in legal cannabis. Many shops have opened up to grow their own flower products,(15%-30%)THC , and convert them into edible tr eats or concentrated oils (30%-99%)THC to raise the psychoactive potency for high end consumers. Growers generate strains of plants to fill shelves of their shop and push to other local shop owners, the abundance of plants creates less demand and lowers the local retail prices, when there isn t enough balance in the margin. There is heavy influence of marijuana on its community when under regulation of skilled business owners. 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Anatomy review - 1313 Words

Chapter 8 Test Review Multiple Choice 1. Which is not a part of the axial skeleton? A. rib B. vertebral column C. mandible D. clavicle 2. Which is not a part of the appendicular skeleton? A. coxal bones B. parietal bones C. radius D. clavicle 3. The axial skeleton consists of: A. 60 bones. B. 68 bones. C. 74 bones. D. 80 bones. 4. The appendicular skeleton consists of: A. 102 bones. B. 118 bones. C. 126 bones. D. 137 bones. 5. The term sinus, as it relates to bone markings, may be defined as a: A. raised area or projection. B. cavity within a bone. C. tubelike opening or channel. D. groove or elongated depression. 6. Which bone is a part of the axial skeleton? A. rib B. clavicle C. radius D.†¦show more content†¦maxilla C. ethmoid D. frontal 41. Another name for the zygomatic bone is the: A. malar. B. sphenoid. C. ethmoid. D. sesamoid. 42. Going from superior to inferior, the sequence of the vertebral column is: A. sacral, coccyx, thoracic, lumbar, and cervical. 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Variation Of Acoustics Within A Space Architecture Essay Free Essays

Concrete would bring forth loud resounding sound whereas rug would absorb sound. A little Dark and loud infinite would arouse tenseness in the user where as a infinite meant to portray joy would be big, good lit and have proper acoustic values. Aural architecture plays many important functions in assorted types of infinites such as musical, societal, navigational, aesthetic and symbolic. We will write a custom essay sample on Variation Of Acoustics Within A Space Architecture Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now In a musical infinite, the echo blends the note sequences into chords. In a societal infinite it changes the distance between people in eating houses. In a navigational infinite it permits traveling through a dark infinite by echo sounding, as an aesthetic infinite it provides a delighting aural texture and as a symbolic infinite it can be associated with spiritual significance in the context of a infinite such as a cathedral ( Blesser 2009 ) The image above shows the shrine of St. Werburg in the Chester Cathedral. This shrine has six deferrals for kneeling pilgrims to put their caputs while praying. This pit amplifies and filters the sound giving the individuals voice a dramatic and emotional strength. The reverberations give the sense of being in another universe, the elaboration gives the sense of familiarity and the ocular isolation contributes to privateness. Through a insistent use for rites and ceremonials, the ocular and aural belongingss of such objects or geometries can get a symbolic significance. In the ocular universe, these would be called icons, and the equivalent of it in the aural universe would be known as an earcon ( Blesser and Salter,2007 ) . The user will be cognizant of the enormousness, geometry and stuff of the cathedral by the feeling of the reverberation and re-echo within the infinite. If the stuff used for the cathedral was carpet alternatively of rock, it would be acoustically softened every bit good as the spacial and acoustic dimensions of the architecture will be lost. ( Holl, Pallasmaa and Gomez, 2006 ) Aural architectures affect on societal infinites is clearly apparent in figure 2 shown below. When we think of architecture we tend to visualise the belongingss of the infinite that can be seen, specially the boundaries that are restricting us to a limited infinite and curtailing our motion every bit good as our legal rights of entree. On the other manus, aural boundaries are different to ocular boundaries as sound flows through every little gap and cranny. Fig 2. Hogarth ‘s angered instrumentalists. Hogarth portrays the discouragement of a instrumentalist who finds that his private music room and the uproar of the street are in fact a singleA aural infinite. The figure above demonstrates how the sounds from the street flow freely through the unfastened window of the house. Hence the street and the room with the unfastened window portion the same aural infinite. Fig 3. Dan Kish ‘s Team Bat taking unsighted adolescents on a bike drive The function of aural architecture in navigational infinites is barely of all time recognized except by the unsighted persons who rely on echo sounding to assist them travel around ( fig 3 ) . We are non usually cognizant that we posses the ability to hear spacial properties such as an unfastened window or a wall. However every person has an developing ability to utilize their ears to supplement vision. Potholers can acquire a sense of the countries of the cave that are wholly hidden by listening to the echo and reverberations ( Blesser and Salter,2007 ) . Anyone who has been spellbound by the sound of H2O beads in the darkness of a ruin is a informant to the extraordinary capacity of the ear to carve our volume into the nothingness of darkness ( Holl, Pallasmaa and Gomez, 2006 ) . The acoustic properties of a musical infinite have a important consequence on the temper and behaviour of an person. This consequence is best demonstrated in high impact infinites instead than ordinary infinites. Stockhausen ‘s public presentation of â€Å" Stimmung † in the Jaita caves near Beirut proves this. The public presentation was on a platform constructed over the abbeys and the audience was 80 thousand off from the performing artists, unlike in normal concert halls. This allowed the natural acoustics to rule the direct sound. After listening to the public presentation, a Catholic priest said it was one of the longest and happiest supplications he had of all time known. Fig 4. Stockhausen ‘s public presentation of â€Å" Stimmung † in the Jeita Cave near Beirut. The acoustic belongingss of a high impact infinite have a greater and more effectual impact on the temper and emotion of the user than in an ordinary infinite. However one can all remember the acoustic abrasiveness of an inhibited and unfurnished house as apposed to the affableness of a lived place. Juhani Pallasmaa writes, ‘ every edifice or infinite has its characteristic sounds of familiarity or monumentality, invitation or rejecting, cordial reception or ill will. ‘ The map of aural architecture in an aesthetic infinite is similar to adding decorations and texture to our ocular infinites to do them look alone and interesting. In the same mode we can add aural embroideries to alter the acoustics of the environment every bit good. In an experiment done by Eusebio Sempere, where he made a sculpture with unstained steel tubings that rotate at its base. It acts as a sonic filter which filters out passage of certain frequences, therefore the hearer on one side heard a tonic alteration of the sound geting from the other side. This sculpture is a ocular equivalent of the colored glass prism. Fig 5. Eusebio Sempere ‘s sculpture inA Madrid has alone acoustic belongingss. Architecture is best perceived every bit sound as it leaves a batch to the imaginativeness of the user and it is said that imaginativeness is needed to do sense of perceptual experience. Even though sound is non the dominant medium for comprehending architecture, it is successful in giving individuality to architecture as sound creates an atmosphere beyond map. In his book Eyes of the Skin, Pallasmaa states that ‘Modern architecture at big has housed the mind and the oculus, but it has left the organic structure and the other senses, every bit good as our memories, imaginativeness and dreams, homeless ‘ ( pg 19 ) . â€Å" You see things and state why? But I dream things that ne’er were and state why non? † Unknown Imagination is the ability to organize a mental image of something that is non straight perceived through the senses. It is the ability of the head to organize mental scenes, objects or events that do non be, are non present or have non happened ( Remez Sasson ) . Imagination is non merely limited to seeing images in the head. It includes all the five senses and feelings. One can conceive of a sound, gustatory sensation, odor, a physical esthesis a feeling or emotion. It is imagination that makes it possible to see a whole universe inside the head. It gives us the ability to look at any state of affairs from a different point of position. It has a really of import function and value in an person ‘s life and is non simply merely woolgathering. Every person possesses some ability to conceive of, but in some it may be developed more than others. We all use it, consciously or unconsciously, in our day-to-day life whether it is to read, compose, be after a party or a trip, to depict an event, to state or narrative, or merely merely giving waies to acquire to a specific finish. The originative power of imaginativeness is needed to accomplish success in any field, and some persons have a greater imaginativeness than others. It is a power beyond originative visual image, positive thought and avowals ( Remez Sasson ) . Basically, imaginativeness is the power of doing something up in one ‘s caput. Perception depends on the world-wide position of a individual and imaginativeness is needed to do sense of these perceptual experiences. Make you prefer your ain dreams or person else ‘s? How about your ain phantasies or person else ‘s? ( Anthony Megna ) . This is the really ground why many persons prefer reading a book in comparing to watching a film, as the film is person else ‘s position and non their ain. The spectator has no power to conceive of the characters, topographic points or the events of the narrative as everything can be seen. Alternatively, when reading a novel, the reader has the chance to put out their ain readings of the narrative and has the power to conceive of the characters, topographic points and incidents in the narrative as he/she wants. Hence reading a book leaves one with a greater capacity to conceive of than watching a film, which is person else ‘s fiction. â€Å" Whenever I start reading a book I ever come up with how I think a character should look or sound, so when versions come out and there is eventually a face and voice to the character and it is different t han the 1 in my caput, it can be hard for me to accept † says Lauren, a Harry Potter fan. By and large when comparing a film to a book, the book wins the lucifer because with a book, one can acquire more information, more scenes and a better How to cite Variation Of Acoustics Within A Space Architecture Essay, Essay examples

The Absence of a Father free essay sample

Today, in America one out of every three children is living in a home without his or her father. That means that one out of three children in America will go to bed tonight without getting a goodnight hug and kiss from there daddy. It is estimated that 60 percent of children that were born in the 1990s will live a portion of their childhoods in a home without a father figure. Some people believe that there is no real significances to having a father be present in a child’s life. However, research and personal experience shows differently. When a father is absent in a child’s life, the child suffers emotionally, and behaviorally. Kids that grow up without a father figure are more likely to get involved with drugs, sexual encounters, and crime. It is important to stress that the absence of any parent places a void and a hole in a childs life forever. We will write a custom essay sample on The Absence of a Father or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As young children, the fact that there is not a father figure may be overlook, but as they grow older they will began to sense the fragmented family relationship. Most often children will be able to feel the incompleteness of not having a father, which in an effort to fill the emptiness, children often try to fill this void with drugs. The U. S. Department of Health and Human Services states, Fatherless children are at a dramatically greater risk of drug and alcohol abuse. When a child uses drugs to fill the emptiness, it can be the start of a spiral to the tragedy of a horrible childhood. Although some children do not get involved with drugs, in order to fill the void of emptiness a child may do other harmful activities such as joining gangs or even attempting suicide. I have came to find it very clear that children growing up without a father figure tend to have an overall increased risk of developing significant issues. However, by no means am I saying that all children who grow up without fathers will face problems. Some children will do just fine. But, research has shown that fatherless children face more life troubles than those who grow up with both a mom and a dad. One very common obstacle that especially young females without father run into is teen pregnancy and not understanding safe sex. Major studies have been shown that young females between the ages of 15 and 19 years old are significantly more likely to engage in premarital sex than young females in homes with both a mother and a father. Not only have studies shown that young females are having sex, but a fair amount are getting pregnant. On the other hand, in some people opinion there is not thing wrong with having premarital sex, but studies have shown that by not having a father figure a higher percentage of both girls and boys do not know the importance of safe sex. Most single mothers are very busy working and do not have the time to sit down with their son and or daughter and have the â€Å"sex talk† with them. Therefor kids are not getting the right amount of education about safe sex, which is resulting in more teen pregnancy. Along with studies showing that fatherless children are more likely to get involved with drugs and unsafe sex, statistics show that children without a father are 20 times more likely to commit crime and even serve time in jail. In my opinion the reason for this is simple. A father is supposed to be a man in a child’s life that they look up to, but also fear at the same time. For example if a child was watching TV and was asked to take out they trash by their mother the child’s response would most likely be â€Å"ugh okay fine mom I’ll do it on the commercial†. Now if a child was asked the same thing by their father, the response would most likely sound more like â€Å"okay, yes dad I’m coming right now! †. In a household with both parental units present the father, 90 percent of the time is the dominant one who keeps thing in order and he is always to be listened to. When father is absent from a child’s life most of the time there is no control and the child seems to think that they may do anything they would like, therefore leading them right down a path of crime. Ultimately when a father is absent in a child’s life, the child suffers emotionally, and behaviorally. Kids that grow up without a father figure are more likely to get involved with drugs, sexual encounters, and crime. It is not the case that all fatherless children will have these problems. However, It is important to stress that the absence of any parent places a void and a hole in a childs life forever.